ENDNOTES

1) Trimmingham 1998: 143. "The Shari'a especially distrusted the claim that Sufism was an esoteric Way, a mystery religion, open to an elect."

2) Borchert, 1994: 229-30.

3. Carmody & Carmody, 1996:167-67.

4. Faivre and Needleman, 1992: 39-40, passim; McIntosh, 1997: 31, passim.

5. See Hanegraaff, Wouter J., 1998: 406ff, who discusses the problem of the secularization of the esoteric.

6. Bruteau, 1996; Norelli-Bachelet, 1994.

7. Lewis and Melton, 1992, passim.

8. See Kalweit, 1992.

9. Harvey, 1997; Lewis, 1996.

10. On the Gaia hypothesis, see Lovelock, 1988; for the Sophianic aspects of world-soul, see Matthews, 1992: 323-328; on the globalization of consciousness, Russell, 1983.

11. Goodison, 1990.

12. Bruchac, 1993.

13. On Peter Deunov, see Lorimer 1991; for Mikhael Aivanhov, see Feuerstein 1998; on Daoist influence see for example, Dong and Esser, 1990.

14. Krishna, 1987.

15. Chopra, 1994.

16. Goleman, 1997.

18. Swimme and Berry, 1992.

19. Abraham 1994.

20. Ghose, 1974.

21. Grof 1992; Walsh and Vaughan, 1993.

22. Radha, 1996; Lewis, 1994; Briggs, John and F. David Peat, 1989.

23. Staguhn, 1994; Fox and Sheldrake, 1996.

24. See Edward Said, 1978, passim.

25. Schwab 1984: 24-25; Egyptian influence were not common until the 19th century (Champollion's "système hiéroglyphique" based on his work with the Rosetta stone was published in 1824) and then only in a partial and fragmentary sense.

26. Fields, 1992: 32.

27. Fields, 1992: 24; De Jong 1987: 13-14, published by La Loubère, in Desription du royaume Siam.

28. Schwab 1984: 29-30; Batchelor, 1994: 190-195, 227-228; the Italian Capucian scholar Ippolito Desideri arrived in Lhasa in 1716 and spent six years "studying Thibetan...from early morning to sundown", including a study of the Kangyur (Buddhist canon) and Tengyur (commentaries) at Sera monastery.

29. Fields, 1992: 23-24; Versluis 1993: 17.

30. Schwab 1984: 30-32.

31. Fields, 1992: 25.

32. Fields 1992: 48; De Jong, 1987: 12.

34. Schwab 1984: 39ff.; Fields 1992: 30ff.; Barot in Gill (ed.) 1994: 69; Batchelor, 1995: 232-233.

35. Fields, 1992: 45, 47 where Fields notes that Jones also read the works of Francesco Prazio della Penna, including a study of his Tibetan dictionary; on early ideas of the transcendent unity of religions; also see Versluis 1993, passim.

36. Philostratus, 1970: 77-78, Bk. 3.16.

37. Rudolph, 1983: 326ff., 335, 339.

38. See Stoyanov, 1994: 56ff., who also points to the interactions between the rise and spread of Mahayana Buddhism and the simultaneous popularity of Greco-Roman Mystery religions.

39. Philostratua, 1970: 80-82, Book 3:19; for reincarnation in Plato see, Phaedo 114bc, Cratylus 400bc, Republic 613a-621d, and Timaeus 3.4-5.

40. Filorama 1994: 129-30.

41. Roukema 1999, passim, see index under "reincarnation".

42. Layton, 1987: 133-34, 324, 441, 211; Filoramo 1994: 137.

43. Cobb and Goldwhite, 1995: 64; Holmyard, 1990: 68-86.

44. Holmyard, 1990: 82-86.

45. For Picatrix see Holmyard 1990: 101; Arab influences, Holmyard 1990, passim, and Faivre and Needleman, 1992: 22-26.

46. Stoyanov, 1994: 220-221.

47. Hallamish 1999: 278; Beitchman 1998: 122 where he attributes the doctrine of reincarnation found in the Bahir as "ultimately of Eastern origins" and passed through the Albigensians as a Manichaean-Gnostic teaching.

49. Markale 1999: 143-144.

50. Schimmel 1975: 219.

51. Beitchman 1998: 54-55.

52. Faivre and Needleman 1992: 140; Dan 1997: 57ff.

53. Dan 1997: 59-60, 70.

54. Faivre and Needleman 1992: 145.

55. Tyson, 1998, see Index under topics listed, passim.

56. French 1987: 181.

57. Faivre and Needleman, 1992: 186 ff.; White 1999: 1-11.

58. Schwab 1984: 235ff.

59. Versluis 1993: 40.

60. Jackson 1981: 17, 19.

61. Schwab 1984: 102-103, 211; Faivre and Needleman, 1992, 102.

62. Schwab 1984: 205, 216-19, passim; Faivre 1994: 82 ff.; Versluis 1993: 23; Lopez 1995: 32; Batchelor 1995: 252.

63. Versluis 1993: 26; Vitagappa 1983, passim.

64. Batchelor 1995: 252, 255ff.

65. Batchelor 1995: 256-57.

66. Schwab 1984: 428.

68. Batchelor 1994: 260-65.

69. Schwab 1984: 153-54.

70. Schwab 1984: 349.

71. Schwab 1984: 235; Faivre and Needlman, 1992: 263-64; Faivre 1994: 78.

72. Schwab 1984:163, 239-40; Faivre 1994:73-74.

73. Schwab 1984: 158ff, 258.

74. Schwab 1984: 232-33, 323-24.

75. Batchelor 1994: 239, 252; De Jong 1987, 22.

76. Schwab 1984: 232, 244-47; Faivre, 1994: 85.

77. Schwab 1984: 328.

78. Lévi1999: 72-78.

79. Fields 1992: 46-48; De Jong 1987: 13-14, published in Jones' Asiatick Researches.

80. Schwab 1984: 289-295; De Jong 1987: 16-19, 34; Batchelor 1994: 88, 240, 239ff.

81. De Jong 1987: 25-26, 34-36, 43.

82. Notovitch 1894, passim.

83. Lopez 1995: 3-4.

84. Gill 1994 72-73.

86. Jennings 1870; Jennings 1975.

87. Fields 1992: 68.

88. Ellwood 1987: 13-14; Miller 1995: 331ff.

89. Versluis 1993, 81ff, passim; Fields 1992: 58, 61ff.

90. Fields 1992 p.73-75.

91. Melton 1978: 53; Lewis and Melton 1992: 34-36; Miller 1995: 174, 325-26.

92. Miller 1995: 438; McIntosh 1997 119-136.

93. Versluis 1993: 152-55, 251; Lewis and Melton 1992: 35.

94. Fields 1992: 26.

95. Fields 1992, p.90; Batchelor 1995: 90, 267ff.; Miller 1995: 315ff.

96. Fields 1992 87ff.,90; Miller 1995 315ff.; Faivre and Needleman 1992: 311-318.

97. Fields 1992: 105.

98. Jackson 1981: 206-210;Fields 1992: 108.

99. Melton 1978, Vol 2: 95ff.

100. Lewis and Melton 1992: 49; Ellwood 1987: 36; Miller 1995: 176-77.

101. Richardson 1985: 166; Jackson 1981: 163; Fields 1992: 128, 133ff, 172-73; Lopez 1995: 117ff.; Loy 1995: 6.

102. Richardson 1985: 72, Prebish and Tanaka 1998: 34; Fields 1992: 143ff.

103. Melton 1978 Vol. 2: 141 ff.

105. Melton 1978, Vol. 2, p.144ff.; Miller 1995: 321, 418.

106. Lewis 1996: 31.

107. Loy 1995: 5; Fields 1992 pp. 130-32.

108. Barnes 1997 pp. 85-89; Miller 1995 418.

109. Batchelor 1995: 92, 99, 315.

110. Queenborough 1933: 542.

111. Batchelor 1995: 271, 318.

112. Batchelor 1995 303-314.

113. Queenborough 1933: 543, 566.

114. Humphreys 1937 pp. 46-51.

115. Humphreys 1968 38-40.

116. Fields 1992: 187; Humphreys 1938: 85, 97.

117. Miller 1995: 236, 243.

118. Kyle 1995: 59 ; Miller 1995: 252ff.

119. MIller 1995: 239.

120. Miller 1995: 256.

121. Ellwood 1987: 39; Crim 1989 p.318-319.

122. Miller 1995 pp. 260-61.

124. Melton 1978, Vol. 2: 181, 185.

125. Fields 1992: 183, 186-191.

126. Miller 1995: 185.

127. Fields 1992: 220.

128. Fields 1992 pp. 228ff.

129. Melton 1978, Vol. 2: 117.

130. Melton 1978 Vol. 2: 183-84.

131. MIller 1995: 322.

132. Melton 1978 Vol 2: 250-51.

133. Lewis and Melton 1992: 44-45 (302, note 53).

134. Melton 1978 Vol 2: 73.

135. Jorgensen, 1996.

136. Lama Yeshe & Landaw, 1988; the author personally attended his first American lecture series and observed him giving empowerment to American followers in the early 1970s.

137. Bloom 1996, passim, see review in Volume Three [???] of Esoterica.